They determined that an association does exist.
They were also in three different stages: pre-menopause,perimenopause, and post-menopause.
(Study participants self-reported their symptoms.)
What Causes Bloating, Weight Gain, and Other GI Symptoms Around Menopause?
The researchers attribute it to the decrease in estrogen hormone levels and an increase in cortisol hormone levels.
It could be a complication of menopause, but it could also be a sign of other disease.
It also shows important racial/ethnic differences in GI symptom reporting, similar to what has been shown withmenopause symptoms.
