In psychology, one of theseproblem-solving approachesis known as an algorithm.
An algorithm is a defined set of step-by-step procedures that provides the correct answer to a particular problem.
By following the instructions correctly, you are guaranteed to arrive at the right answer.
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At a Glance
Algorithms involve following specific steps to reach a solution to a problem.
This article discusses how algorithms are used as an approach to problem-solving.
It also covers how psychologists compare this approach to other problem-solving methods.
How Does an Algorithm Work?
An algorithm is often expressed in the form of a graph, where a square represents each step.
In some cases, you must follow a particular set of steps to solve the problem.
Algorithms are essential step-by-step approaches to solving a problem.
Rather than guessing or using trial-and-error, this approach is more likely to guarantee a specific solution.
For example, a therapist might use an algorithm to treat a person experiencing something like anxiety.
Examples of Algorithms
There are many different examples of how algorithms can be used in daily life.
Some common ones include:
Doctors and mental health professionals often use algorithms to diagnosemental disorders.
For example, they may use a step-by-step approach when they evaluate people.
This might involve asking the individual about their symptoms and their medical history.
The doctor may also conduct lab tests, physical exams, or psychological assessments.
They are also a good choice when similar problems need to be frequently solved.
Computer programs can often be designed to speed up this process.
Artificial intelligence may also be a tool for making clinical assessments in healthcare situations.
Such step-by-step approaches can be useful in situations where each decision must be made following the same process.
However, this would be very time-consuming and treatment needs to be implemented quickly.
Algorithms can sometimes be very complex and may only apply to specific situations.
This can limit their use and make them less generalizable when working with larger populations.
A different approach might be needed if speed is the primary concern.
Algorithms vs. Heuristics
In psychology, algorithms are frequently contrasted withheuristics.
Both can be useful when problem-solving, but it is important to understand the differences between them.
What Is a Heuristic?
A heuristic is a mental shortcut that allows people to quickly make judgments and solve problems.
These mental shortcuts are typically informed by our past experiences and allow us to act quickly.
However, heuristics are really more of a rule-of-thumb; they don’t always guarantee a correct solution.
So how do you determine when to use a heuristic and when to use an algorithm?
When problem-solving, deciding which method to use depends on the need for either accuracy or speed.
By using an algorithm, accuracy is increased and potential mistakes are minimized.
By following an algorithm, you could ensure that you will arrive at the correct answer to each problem.
Mistakes may occur, but this approach allows for speedy decisions when time is of the essence.
Knowing which approach to use is important because these two methods can vary in terms of speed and accuracy.
But if time is of the essence, then an algorithm is likely not the best choice.
Lang JM, Ford JD, Fitzgerald MM.An algorithm for determining use of trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy.Psychotherapy(Chic).
