Toxic fandoms can contribute to bullying and abuse, both of other fans and media creators themselves.
However, popular culture fans have historically been stigmatized by mainstream media.
This includespsychologyscholars, whose research has tended to focus on how media contributes to antisocial behaviors.
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Fandom and Identity
Fans who bully other fans are often labeled “toxic.”
However, the psychological processes that led both groups to engage in their respective activities are the same.
People Often Adopt a Fan Identity
Fandom starts with the adoption of a fan identity.
Fandom Makes People Feel Connected
Fandom is rarely engaged in alone.
It follows then that fans feel a sense of personal investment and even ownership of a fan object.
This is considered not only toxic but inappropriate and immature.
However, it is important to watch for signs of toxic fandom behavior.
Focus on making fan communities a kind, welcoming, and inclusive space for all fans.
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