This article reflects that community language preference.
They may also use limited words or struggle withstuttering.
However, nonspeaking autistic people can communicate effectively in other ways if those around them are willing to listen.
Tom Werner / Getty Images
At a Glance
Around one-quarter to one-third of autistic people are minimally speaking or nonspeaking.
Other communication modalities they might use include sign language, writing, typing, pictures, and communication devices.
Alternative language is another option.
Learning more about these strategies can help you better understand and communicate with nonspeaking autistic people.
Some confuse non-speaking autism withselective mutism(or situational mutism as ‘selective’ implies choice.
If anautistic personyou know is nonspeaking some or all of the time, they might use ASL to communicate.
At a minimum, you’re able to learn the ASL alphabet to help you understand them.
Thus, caregivers can read what an autistic person has just typed.
However, these individuals can still communicate their needs.
Let the nonspeaking person indicate which images they want to use to signify different needs.
Some needs are universal, like indicating hunger or thirst.
Available images should also include comfort items, interests, and important people.
These tools are known as Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC).
AAC is often used when someone is always nonspeaking because they can keep the equipment on hand to communicate.
If the individual uses some sounds, ask them what sounds indicate certain words.
Learn the language that works for them, and use that for communication.
This, in turn, reduces stress, burnout, and risk fortraumafor the autistic person.
Some caregivers might be tempted to pressure autistic people to communicate in a neurotypical way as much as possible.
Language Evolves Over Time
However, remember that language is made up and always evolving.
If it does not cause harm, it is OK to find other ways to communicate.
Nonspeaking vs.
Nonverbal
How we talk about abilities and challenges is important.
NeuroClasticalso has articles and blogs written by nonspeaking autistic people who have shared their stories.
Other neurodiversity-affirming blogs includeNeurodivergent RebelandAutistic Hoya.
Autistic Self Advocacy connection.Civil Rights Complaint Against Arlington Public Schools (VA).
xMinds.Nonspeaking autistic students resources.
2016;60(5):464-477.
AI Media.Sign language alphabets from around the world.
The Guild for Human Services.Ask the expert: ‘Nonspeaking’ vs. ‘nonverbal’ and why language matters.
