The model was developed in 1977 by Zubin and Spring to explain the development ofschizophrenia.
That’s because, in most cases, there are many factors that play a role.
But there is good news, too.
Ika84 / Getty Images
Elements of the Stress-Vulnerability Model
Biological Vulnerability
Biological vulnerability refers to ones genetic predisposition.
For example,bipolar disorderis known to have a genetic link and is often passed down in families.
Biological vulnerability also accounts for experiences that could have occurred in the womb or as a baby.
Protective Factors
Protective factors are critical for keeping stress and biological vulnerability in check.
Think of them as your mental health safety net.
Such factors can include:
Epigenetics
Another element of the stress vulnerability model is calledepigenetics.
Epigenetics speaks to how our environment, behaviors, and lifestyle can change our genes.
However, your epigenetics also change throughout your life.
This is positive because it indicates that some epigenetic changes can be reversed.
Generational Trauma
Epigenetics is also a component ofgenerational trauma.
Again, it is important to remember that gene expressions can be shifted.
However, this may seem challenging while living in an already complicated world.
Instead, there must be support from individuals who understand the needs of someone who has experiencedabuse.
If you’re experiencing stress or trauma, just know that you are not alone.
Amental health professionalcan help support you in your healing process.
2022;63(2):283-300. doi:10.1177/00221465211055993
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.What is epigenetics?
Yehuda R, Lehrner A.Intergenerational transmission of trauma effects: Putative role of epigenetic mechanisms.World Psychiatry.
2018;17(3):243-257. doi:10.1002/wps.20568
Post RM.The epigenetic connection to Black disparity.J Clin Psychiatry.
2021;82(3):20com13858.
2022;179(6):434-440. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.21101000
