The PNS consists of the peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junctions, cranial nerves, and spinal nerves.
This system also carries information to and from the central nervous system.
It’s responsible for many body functions, from sensing body temperature to controlling muscle movements.
Verywell / Gary Ferster
When you think about the body’s nervous system, the brain and spinal cord probably come to mind.
The PNS is responsible for relaying essential messages to and from the brain and spinal cord.
Each part of this system plays a vital role in how information is communicated throughout the body.
What Is the Peripheral Nervous System, Exactly?
The body’snervous systemis divided into two parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
The primary role of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the organs, limbs, and skin.
The nerves of the PNS extend from the central nervous system to the outermost areas of the body.
Each of these components plays a critical role in how the peripheral nervous system operates.
The somatic nervous system derives its name from the Greek wordsoma, which means “body.”
The somatic system is responsible for transmitting sensory information as well as for controlling voluntary movement.
The ANS controls aspects of the body that are usually not under voluntary control.
This system allows these functions to take place without needing to consciously think about them happening.
It allows your body to run smoothly without conscious effort.
The somatic system contains sensory and motor neurons.
It sends and receives sensory information and motor signals.
The autonomic system is responsible for regulating involuntary body functions.
This includes information from the senses, organs, and muscles.
The axons of these nerve cells are bundled together and can be found throughout the body.
There are 31 spinal nerves that branch out to different areas of the body from the spinal cord.
Cranial Nerves
The cranial nerves are responsible for the receptors found in the head and neck area.
Instead of connecting with the spinal cord, these nerves travel directly to the brain.
Disorders, injuries, toxins, and viruses can cause problems with the peripheral nervous system.
Such conditions can lead to symptoms related to sensation, muscle strength, and muscle control.
Takeaways
The peripheral nervous system plays a critical role in motor and sensory function.
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