Thesuperegooperates both unconsciously and consciously.
Symptoms included blurred vision, hallucinations, and partial paralysis.
Breuer observed that discussing her experiences provided some relief from her symptoms.
Library of Congress / Contributor / Getty Images
It was Pappenheim herself who began referring to the treatment as the “talking cure.”
They include cathexis and anticathexis, along with life and death instincts.
Cathexis and Anticathexis
According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, all psychic energy is generated bylibido.
Freud suggested that our mental states were influenced by two competing forces:cathexis and anticathexis.
According to Freud’s theory, there is only so much libidinal energy available.
Freudian psychology compares the mind to an iceberg.
On the other hand, the huge expanse of ice hidden underneath the water represents the much larger unconscious.
At each stage, the libido’s pleasure-seeking energy is focused on a different part of the body.
Afixationcan involve an over-dependence or obsession with something related to that phase of development.
Some of the best-known mechanisms of defense include denial,repression, andregression, but there are many more.
According to Freud, females start out close to their mothers.
At the same time, females start to imitate their mom because they fear the loss of her affection.
It is believed thatFreud’s theory of religionwas influenced by his relationship with his own father.
Science
Freud’s contributions have also impacted the foundational science of what we know about psychology today.
Culture
Freud has even influenced thoughts about how society has formed into what it is today.
Many terms such asdefense mechanism,Freudian slip,andanal retentivehave become a part of our everyday language.
It was during this time in private practice that Freud started to develop his theories.
Erikson’s and Freud’s theories also vary in terms of stages of development.
Freud’s theory has shaped the field of psychology, both in theory and treatment applications.
Freud’s psychosexual theory is hard to test scientifically, leaving questions about its validity.
Another concern is that the theory is based on case studies versus research.
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